The pattern '-(이)라도': -ever it is, no matter - it is

The pattern '-이라도' is used for expressing the meaning of '-ever it is, no matter - it is' in English, when it is preceded by interrogative words (누구, 언제, 어디, 무엇, 무슨), or an interrogative phrases (어느 것/분, 무슨 일, 몇 분/시, 어떤 책) etc..

예) 누구라도 괜찮아요. Anyone will be fine.

예) 언제라도 좋아요. Any time will be fine.

예) 무슨 일이라도 있어요? Is there any problem?

예) 어떤 책이라도 괜찮아요. No matter what kind of book it is, it will be fine.

 

   The Plain Speech Style 2

The basic explanation of the plain style is dealt with in the Novice Korean I, Lesson 6. In this lesson, you will meet the rest of the Plain speech style. These endings are used with people such as school juniors, or to a relatively younger person in the family by grandparents to grandsons and daughters etc..

1. Interrogative Forms: '-(으)냐/(느)냐'

예) 그게 뭐냐? What is that?

예) 몇 시에 일어났(느)냐? What time did you get up?

2. Declarative forms: '-ㄴ다/-는다/-다'

예) 집에 간다. I am going home.

예) 나는 점심을 안 먹는다. I don't have lunch.

예) 어제는 집에 일찍 갔다. I went home early yesterday.

3. Propositive forms: '-자'

예) 지금 공부하자. Let's study now.

예) 지금 떠나자. Let's leave now.

4. imperative forms: '-아(어/여)라'

예) 빨리 집에 가라. Go home quickly.

예) 이걸 먹어라. Eat this.

 

   The pattern '-거든요'

The pattern '-거든요' is used as a sentence final ending which indicates reason or cause.

예) 왜 어제 안 오셨어요? Why didn't you come yesterday?
    머리가 많이 아팠거든요. Because I had a terrible headache.

 
 

   The connective '-(으)ㄹ수록': the more-, the more -

The connective '-(으)ㄹ수록' is used for indicating a progressive increase of intensity, amount or time.

예) 이 책은 읽을수록 재미없어요. The more I read this book, the less interesting it becomes.

예) 한국어는 공부할수록 재미있는 것 같아요. The more I study Korean, the more interesting it seems to
    be.

예) 쌀수록 좋아요. The cheaper, the better.

예) 쌀수록 더 좋아요. (the word '-더(more)' is added.)

예) 싸면 쌀수록 더 좋아요. (the word '싸면(if it is cheap)' is added.)

 
 

   The exclamatory ending: -구나/군요 -> -더구나/더군요

The exclamatory ending '-구나/군요' is used for expressing delight, wonder, astonishment or surprise in the present tense.
As for the past tense, however, the pre-ending '-더-' is used when a speaker recalls or recollects past facts, occurrences, or experiences and is used like '-더구나/더군요.' such as '-더니, -던 etc.'.

예) 한국은 날씨가 덥구나. It is hot in Korea.

예) 한국은 날씨가 덥더구나. I remember/recall that it was hot in Korea.